Shortcode to get featured image of specific id post

So I'm trying to create a shortcode to get specific id and its featured image to display it in a specific page. I want to use shortcode to make it easier for the user to add any post in this page.

I've tried a simple code which works but only display title, I'm not sure how I can get the featured image instead of the title.

function post_shortcode($atts) {
    extract( shortcode_atts(
        array(
            'id' => '',
        ), $atts )
    );

if ( isset( $id ) ) {

    return '<a href="' . get_permalink( $id ) . '">' . get_the_title( $id ) .' </a>';
}

}
 add_shortcode('test', 'post_shortcode');